tldr: the tb12_debug.dll and jemalloc.dll is missing.
Next, I installed Visual Studio 2022 (community version). Took some time. I chose to have the C++ environment for obvious reasons and the English language pack as most help/video is probably available only in this language.
Once the installation was done, I created a new empty project and saved it at a suitable location.
I set the App language to English (Tools>Options>Environment>International settings).
Now this is where my knowledge ended so I googled something like "starting opencascade with visual studio" and found Quaoar Workshop's video. This shows how to set up the linker, debugger and whatnot so the IDE finds everything it needs. This was the video btw. that made clear I need the debug versions from the downloads.
Setting up the environment under Project Properties, taking care of the configuration and platform being Debug and x64:
added "C:\occt790\occt-vc144-64-with-debug\inc" to the includes under C/C++>General>Additional Include Headers,
added "C:\occt790\occt-vc144-64-with-debug\win64\vc14\libd" to Linker>General>Additional Library Directories
added all .lib files from "C:\occt790\occt-vc144-64-with-debug\win64\vc14\libd" to Linker>Input>Additional Dependencies. Probably a bit too much but OK for now.
set Configuration Properties>Debugging>Environment to "PATH=C:\occt790\occt-vc144-64-with-debug\win64\vc14\bind;%PATH%;"
All together I set:
the location of the headers
the location of the .lib files and the files
the location of the debug .dll files
Running it in debug mode - fails.
I got lots of error messages like "Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\msvcrt.dll'. Symbol loading disabled by Include/Exclude setting". I went to Tools>Options>Debugging>Symbols and set the symbol search preferences from automatic to "Search for all module symbols unless excluded".
Running it in debug mode - fails.
I got the message, that tbb12_debug.dll is missing. Running without debugging showed that jemalloc.dll is also missing.
I'm currently stuck at this point and I'd like to get some advice how/where to get these files from.